What Is the 5-Word Memory Test?

Memory lapses can be frustrating when they affect someone you care about. While some forgetfulness is a normal part of getting older, other signs suggest it’s time to pay closer attention. You can take small steps to preserve your memory, but you can also go a step further and measure how well it’s actually working.

The 5-word memory test is one tool used to help understand how memory is functioning. It’s quick, non-invasive, and easy to use in day-to-day life. This simple screening tool assesses short-term recall by asking a person to recall five unrelated words after a brief delay. Though it isn’t a diagnosis, it can provide a helpful first step in understanding memory loss.

What Could Cause a Person’s Memory to Worsen?

Memory loss can stem from a variety of causes. Some are simple, while others are a little more serious. Some common causes of memory loss include:

• Alzheimer’s disease, which impacts thinking, behavior, and memory over time.
• Dementia, a general term for conditions that cause memory and judgment issues.
• Medication side effects, especially those affecting mood or sleep.
• Depression or anxiety, which can interfere with focus and memory retention.
• Poor sleep habits, leading to fogginess or slower recall.
• Nutritional deficiencies, especially B vitamins, or hydration.

It’s worth noting that forgetfulness is a natural part of the aging process. However, if you notice your loved one’s memory is worsening, don’t ignore it. That’s a sign that they need to visit a healthcare professional for a diagnosis.

The Early Signs of Memory Loss 

Recognizing the early signs of memory loss can help families take proactive steps to address the issue. It helps to watch for signs such as:

• Trouble recalling recent events 
• Repeating the same question or story 
• Misplacing items in unusual places
• Difficulty following conversations
• Increased confusion or poor judgment 
• Forgetting appointments or important dates

Noticing these signs early can make it easier to offer help.

How the 5-Word Memory Test Helps Assess Memory

The 5-word memory test can be a useful tool for evaluating short-term memory. It’s often used by doctors or memory care professionals, but it can also be performed at home. Fortunately, this quick test doesn’t require any special equipment or training. While it’s not a diagnostic tool, it can highlight potential concerns that warrant further evaluation. 

The 5-Word Memory Test: Step-By-Step 

The 5-word memory test involves a few simple steps:

• Step 1: Present five simple, unrelated words (e.g., apple, chair, river, book, dog). 
• Step 2: Ask the person to repeat the words immediately. 
• Step 3: Distract them with a short task, like counting backward or naming the days of the week. 
• Step 4: After the distraction, ask the person to recall the five words. 
• Step 5: Assess how many words they remember and note any difficulties. 

If your loved one remembers all of the words, it’s a good sign. One or two forgotten words—or the list being out of order—signals the need for a professional diagnosis.

Simple Tips for Preserving Memory

While some memory loss is a natural part of aging, there are simple ways to support brain health every day. Small, consistent habits can make a big difference over time. 

1. Stay Socially Connected

Spending time with others helps stimulate the brain and reduce feelings of isolation. Whether it’s through family dinners, group hobbies, or friendly chats, social interaction plays a key role in keeping the mind sharp.

2. Get Enough Rest

A consistent sleep routine gives the brain time to process and store new information. This means that getting proper sleep is essential for a healthier brain. Aim for 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night in a quiet, comfortable space to support healthy cognitive function.

3. Eat a Brain-Friendly Diet

Nutritious foods like leafy greens, berries, whole grains, and fatty fish support brain health. Staying hydrated also helps prevent mental fog or confusion. It is helpful to follow a proper diet and nutrition plan to provide your brain and body with what they need to function optimally.

4. Keep the Mind Active

Activities like reading, puzzles, and learning new skills challenge the brain and improve focus. Just 15 to 30 minutes a day of mental activity can make a difference over time.

5. Be Physically Active

Gentle movement supports blood flow to the brain. Walking, stretching, or chair exercises are all great options to support both physical and cognitive health. Through regular exercise, older adults can simultaneously strengthen their bodies and minds.

What to Do When Memory Loss Affects Everyday Life

Sometimes, memory changes can move beyond small moments and start to impact daily routines. That’s often the point where extra support becomes important. Fortunately, you have options. It all starts with recognizing the signs that something’s wrong. 

Watch for:

• Missing appointments or medications
• Difficulty following multi-step tasks
• Getting lost in familiar places
• Confusing times, places, or people
• Increased frustration or emotional outbursts
• Struggling with hygiene or meals
• Withdrawing from social situations

These are all signs that a person’s memory loss is interfering with their everyday life.

How to Help a Loved One with Memory Loss

Talking about memory loss with a loved one can feel emotional, but you’re not alone. Understanding the signs and knowing your options can help you support them with compassion and care. The 5-word memory test can be effective, but don’t forget to look into professional help for your loved one.

Here at Peregrine Senior Living at Guilderland, we’re ready to help your loved one every day, no matter where they are on their journey. We offer a wide range of convenient services, activities, therapy programs, and more to our residents. Schedule a tour with us today, and together, we can support your loved one through this chapter.